宾语补足语与定语从句如何区分?He has the opportunity to go to France.(句中的不定式为宾补还是定语从句?)I've never had such a thing happening to me before.(句中的动名词引导的从句为宾补还是定语从句?)

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宾语补足语与定语从句如何区分?He has the opportunity to go to France.(句中的不定式为宾补还是定语从句?)I've never had such a thing happening to me before.(句中的动名词引导的从句为宾补还是定语从句?)

宾语补足语与定语从句如何区分?He has the opportunity to go to France.(句中的不定式为宾补还是定语从句?)I've never had such a thing happening to me before.(句中的动名词引导的从句为宾补还是定语从句?)
宾语补足语与定语从句如何区分?
He has the opportunity to go to France.(句中的不定式为宾补还是定语
从句?)
I've never had such a thing happening to me before.(句中的动名词引导的从句为宾补还是定语从句?)

宾语补足语与定语从句如何区分?He has the opportunity to go to France.(句中的不定式为宾补还是定语从句?)I've never had such a thing happening to me before.(句中的动名词引导的从句为宾补还是定语从句?)
“宾语补足语”与“定语从句”完全是两个概念根本就没有可比性呀!
一.宾语补足语
在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要接有其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,称为宾语补足语,简称宾补.
I heard Jean singing this morning.
句中的Jean 是宾语,但是主语"I "听到的并不是Jean,而是Jean singing.singing 是句中的宾语补足语,它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是Jean执行了singing的动作.
能够充当宾补的宾语补足语大致有:不定式,现在分词,过去分词,形容词,副词,介宾短语等.一般情况下,宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后.
比如:
I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补)
I saw the kite up and down.(up and down是副词做宾补)
Tom made the girl cry.(cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式)
注意:当感官动词和使役动词,如:
see/ hear /notice/ watch /hear/ feel/ observe(感官动词)
make /have /let(使役动词)
接宾补时,不定式的符号to必须省略.
在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带.
二.现在分词作定语
现在分词作定语用法:
现在分词短语做定语时,放在被修饰的名词之后;单个分词做定语时,放在被修饰的名词之前.例如:
The man standing by the window is our teacher.
The excited people rushed into the building.
注意:现在分词作定语时,它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生,如果两个动作有先有后,一般不能用现在分词作定语,而要用定语从句.例如:
The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.
现在分词作定语的差异:
现在分词在句中作定语时,不仅存在前置与后置的区别,而且存在状态、时间与形式上的差异.为了帮助大家分清这些差异,更好地掌握现在分词的用法,现在分别论述如下.
一、状态差异
现在分词作定语明显存在状态差异.一般来讲,前置的现在分词静感强.而后置现在分词动感强.学习时要注意体会这一点.
例1:The labouring people are the wisest.
例2:The farmers labouring here are not afraid of snakes.
能前置的现在分词为数不太多,常见的大都是已被形容词化了的现在分词.这一点主要表现在有些现在分词前常有程度副词,有些现在分词甚至还有比较等级.
例3:I have brought very exciting news to you.
例4:This is the most exciting story that I have ever read.
二、时间差异
时间差异指现在分词表示的动作发生的时间差异.有些现在分词作定语时表示正在的动作.这些现在分词若改为定语从句宜用进行时态.
例5:Did you tell the children playing there not to make any noise?
Did you tell the children who were playing there not to make any
noise?
例6:The American president visiting China now will return on Saturday.
The American president who is visiting China now will return on Saturday.
有些现在分词作定语时则表示经常性动作或现在(或当时)的状态.此类现在分词若改为定语从句宜用一般时态,而不宜用进行时态.若译成汉语也应注意体现这一点.
例7:They stayed at a hotel standing by the lake.
例8:The temple standing on top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.
三、形式差异
从形式来看,前置现在分词多为单个分词,而后置现在分词多为短语.换句话说,若用现在分词作定语,单个分词要前置,分词短语要后置.但也不能绝对如此,要视情况而定.要是强调动感,即使是单个分词也应后置.
例9:Look!The girl singing is Alice and the one dancing is Mary.
从内容来讲,前置现在分词多为不及物动词,没有自己的宾语或状语.后置现在分词可带宾语或状语.有时前置现在分词也可有自己的宾语或状语,不过要置于分词前,且中间要有连词符号.当然,带比较级时除外.
例10:Barking dogs seldom bite.
例 11:The person translating the songs can speak seven languages.
例 12:England and America are English-speaking countries.
值得说明的是,现在分词的完成式与被动式一般都不能用作前置定语,只能作后置定语,使用时应慎重.
例 13:We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here.
为了让提问者有一个全面的认识,以上是引用网上的两个回复者的内容.
下面来分析提问者所例句子:
I've never had such a thing happening to me before
现在分词做后置定语其功能相当于一个定语从句
I've never had such a thing that is happening to me before.
现在发生在我身上的事,我以前从没遇到过.

其实两个句子 宾补和定语从句 都能表达同一个意思
第一个是补语 第二个是定语
区分如下 要做定语 是可能是这样的:动名词 或者动词过去分词时 只可能是这样的

以上两句都是所问的成分都是定语,修饰前面的名词,不定式做定语表示一个将来的动作