英语翻译

英语翻译
英语翻译

英语翻译
Entrepreneurship ------ difficulty of Chinese family business heritage2011-02-17 12:50
This family business is not only the large number of forms of economic organization, and the strength of the strong. Fortune 500 companies, 40% of the enterprises are owned or operated by the family.
Family business is the most common, the most common form of enterprise. • Gail West, according to Franklin, who estimates that all enterprises in the world, owned or operated by the family, the most conservative estimate of 65% ~ 80%. This family business is not only the large number of forms of economic organization, and the strength of the strong. Fortune 500 companies, 40% of the enterprises are owned or operated by the family.
China's reform and opening up, China's private business has been rapid development, particularly in family-owned, family business as the main feature of the family business. China's private economy has occupied the national economy over 1 / 3 share (the proportion of the southeast coastal areas will be higher.) Private enterprises, about 70% to 80% of family business.
Family business can effectively pass on, not only related to the sustainability of their own growth, but also for the whole of China, the development of the national economy will have a significant association. From a global perspective, inheritance is a family business problems, foreign research data shows that family business life is generally about 23 years, can continue into the second-generation family business, only 39% can be sustained in the third generation , is only 15%. Home to the survey, China's private entrepreneurs have more than 300 million unable to find a qualified successor, more than 95% of Chinese private entrepreneurs is difficult to get rid of "the rich, but three generations of" fate. Research has shown that children of domestic wealthy family, only about 10% of the children inherit their parents good quality, be positive, studious person. For many wealthy families and businesses, not rich, but three generations of the problem, but the problem could have been wealthy for generations.
The evolution of family business had summarized the following law: family law of diminishing corporate entrepreneurship, family or sub-cloning law dilution, competition for control over the family business law, family law entrepreneurial strategy differences, descendants of interest in the transfer law family intended to dilute the law. To these few "legal" benefits follow guide, so that Evergreen is a family business is not easy. This involves three basic questions: What transmission? Who passed? How to pass? Far as this "family business pass any" preliminary analysis on the topic.
As mentioned earlier, is nothing less than the pass seat transmission, transfer shares. However, to the seat and the smooth transmission of shares, have to think about and pass seat, transfer of shares closely related to the transmission of other elements, such as: entrepreneurship and the spirit of tradition, heritage authority entrepreneurs, entrepreneurs within the enterprise and contacts outside of the inheritance of capital, entrepreneurs, management experience, knowledge, skills, heritage, long-established business culture of the inheritance.
First, the transmission of various elements, may be the most difficult heritage and the spirit of entrepreneurship. Because the spirit of entrepreneurship and the ingredients are natural, it is difficult acquired through learning and training to fully get. Acquired learning and life experiences may promote a spirit of entrepreneurship and the potential of talented people to dig out, but that kind of investment uncertainty and risk sensitivity, psychological endurance and take control, that integrate various resources and the implementation of a strategic vision and courage and so on, not business owners have been able to so easily, so effectively passed to the successor.
Secondly, the authoritative business heritage. According to Coase's view: "The reason to build a business is profitable, mainly because there seems to be the cost of using the price mechanism", that there is transaction costs, transaction costs are too high to allow entrepreneurs in the larger context of business organizations and by way of administrative authority to direct a variety of activities. Family business has a special authority, including both the requirements of enterprise rational rules, but also the connotation of family ethics rules. Once the successor of the lack of entrepreneurship and / or family can not follow the ethical rules, he would hardly have the necessary authority, then it will lead to the disintegration of family business.
Third, entrepreneurs inside and outside the enterprise capital of the transmission network of people, entrepreneurs can be called in an academic tradition of social capital. Entrepreneurs in the process of entrepreneurship and business growth, on the one hand and the internal staff, especially with veteran entrepreneurs, business and other long-term cooperation in the backbone of hard experience, and some people even with the boss, the relationship between the formation of the Pan family, each other have a deep trust, understanding, friendship, ideas identity.
This is the boss of the enterprise's social capital. On the other hand, investment management and business links to the various stakeholders and the community, especially with a variety of political contacts, mutual friendship and trust, which is the boss of social capital outside the enterprise. This is the Chinese family enterprises, even more important, because China is a special emphasis on the national network of relationships, business operations was largely embedded in the relationships among the network. Entrepreneurs to his internal and external social capital to pass these two successors, was not easy. As the saying goes: what people see something done, people in the human in, people take tea on a cold. Marshal of a succession, veterans do not agree, the community does not buy it, difficult to sustain the enterprises.
Fourth, business management experience, knowledge, skills transmission. Enterprises in the entrepreneurial and growth process is often formed their own unique knowledge of some companies, most notably the possibility of tacit knowledge of entrepreneurs, such as know-how knowledge, mental models, the unique rules of human relations skills, with the parties to the psychological commitment to and so on. Among these, some can be taught, and some rely on implicit practice to rely on insight and application.
Fifth, long-established business culture heritage. Such as corporate mission, purpose, vision, the boss was a unique individual employees to accept long-term recognition and management style, internal long-established patterns of behavior, communication and organization of the unspoken rules of communication environment, bosses and employees, leaders and subordinates the psychological contract between such. Cultural factors of these enterprises, some are invisible, and its formation and specific period of time a particular environment. But a significant proportion of the children of family business owners often have the experience of studying abroad, some of the Young Marshal was 80, 90, and they have values and ideas of the previous generation gap will be great. Thus, founded by entrepreneurs, promote corporate culture in the new generation of view, may be out of date and therefore not their identity. This heritage culture would be difficult to go on.
Succession in family business on behalf of each element of the form, content is different; the way each element of tradition, the path is different; the effect of each factor is different heritage. Successor to undertake a variety of elements? On the basis of how to undertake a variety of innovative value-added and capital and to generate more income? These require a more in-depth study. Of course, the successors do not necessarily want all the elements are all intact undertake over, some success factors of entrepreneurs in the passage of time will be out of date, this requires a new generation in the transmission of things can change with time due to innovation manner to undertake, not only to hold country, but also to draw the new heavens and skilled

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